Pediatrics Physical Therapy Associated With Hypotonia

Question: Discuss about the Pediatrics Physical Therapy for Associated With Hypotonia? Answer: Orthoses are specifically applied for decreasing the pronation that remains Associated With Hypotonia upon the postural disability in children who has been diagnosed with Down syndrome (Tamminga et al., 2012). In context to the present case study based on Carlos, various factors need to be evaluated in order to determine whether an orthoses is required for Carlos. As Carlos was diagnosed with Down syndrome, at first, it is very much essential to determine the type of Down syndrome from which he is presently suffering. Down syndrome causes some of the major problems that remain associated with hypotonia, joint laxity and disturbances in the postural control (De Knegt et al., 2013). Thus, Carlos need to be examined with the proper diagnosis method that will help in suitably determining the stage of Down syndrome from which he is presently suffering. The ventriculoseptal defect from which he is suffering and the cardiac complications from which he has been reported with needs to be effe ctively monitored to understand the complications that Carlos is facing. The ear infection from which Carlos has been reported to suffer also needs to be examined properly as he has been significantly reported to suffer from otitis media. The changes in sleep pattern that have been observed in case Carlos also need to be figured and monitored properly for better evaluation of the present condition from which Carlos is presently suffering. Consequently the extent of physical therapies that Carlos receives also tends to be measured in order to determine the evidence and the facts supporting whether orthoses is required for Carlos or not. The sitting habits and the postural instability that assumes the wide based position with hips abducted and knees extended. The 30-degree angle of toe out of his right foot also needs to be analyzed effectively which provides a problem in standing and sitting for him. Hence, these are the given factors that need to be evaluated for determining whether orthoses is needed for Carlos or not. The two important types of orthoses that can be used considering the case of Carlos are Suramalleolar Orthoses and Solid Ankle-Foot Orthoses. Application of Supramalleolar orthoses includes management of passive deformity management, passive functioning and active functioning (Martin, 2004). Supramalleolar orthoses will thus be effectively used in case of Carlos that will provide a better platform for monitoring the deformities from which Carlos is presently suffering. SMO does not include any kind of shaft sections that extends proximally above the level of malleoli. This implementation of SMO helps in improving the alignment and abnormal motion of the forefoot that has been observed in a case of Carlos. With the kind of deformities that has been observed in a case of Carlos, implementation of SMO will help in understanding the complications and the present conditions from which Carlos has been reported and diagnose with. Higher trimlines helps in providing the SMO with longer lever arms that will help Carlos in providing a superior level of control for gaining maximalcontrol. On the other hand, application of Solid Ankle Foot Orthoses will provide in better management of the passive deformity as well as the active and the passive function (Wadsworth Laubenthal, 2000). Since Carlos has been diagnosed with saggital plane dysfunction of the ankle because of which a 30-degree tow ankle rotation is observed in a case of Carlos, a marked transverse or mediolateral instability can also be effectively used by using this kind orthoses. The SAFO extends primarily from the proximally up to the shank segment region by providing a progressively longer level of arms control that will help Carlos to have a better control of the arms and the foot. This in turn will also help in controlling the ankle rotation that Carlos has been presently reported with. Since SAFO is associated with providing a better control of both the MTJ and the TCJ to a high degree, it can potentially provide significant control of the superior subtalar in comparison with the SMO (Carse et al., 201 3). Thus, in a case of Carlos implementation of the given technique will provide a maximal control which requires addition of the anterior panel which is associated with effectively transforming the device by providing a rigid wrap around style dissimilar in context to the lower leg cast. Correction of the alignment will thus help Carlos to get rid of the present ankle degree from which he has been reported with suffering. Thus, it provides a proper alignment for the knee by putting it back into the sagittal plane. With consideration to the Carlos present physical status and developmental level, the two therapeutic activities that can be included in the therapy session that will help Carlos to improve his function and play skill will specifically include implementation of physical therapies and occupational therapy. Physical therapy will help in building better motor skills which in turn will remain associated with increasing the muscle strength and which that will ultimately lead to improvement in the balance and posture (Esposito et al., 2012). According to Lobo et al. (2013), physical therapy skills provide the basic foundation for the other skills. This will specifically help Carlos to get rid of the present problems with which he has been associated with that will include betterment of then posture and the alignment of the body structure. Carlos being a patient with Down syndrome will also be able to compensate the physical challenges from which he is presently suffering such a slow muscle tone. This in turn will provide a significant platform for Carlos in avoiding long-term complications and problems. On the other hand, speech and language therapy will provide the suitable platform for Carlos in order to improve his communication skills and make sure that he can effectively make sure of using language in a better and efficient way (Yoder et al., 2014). Thus, children suffering from Down syndrome like Carlos will undergo benefit from that will help them in improving their communication skills with another person. This will also provide the platform for Carlos for getting associated with better understanding of the language that they want to communicate before they can speak. The only perspective that needs to be taken into consideration is the change in the cognition power of Carlos that he has been observed to him after getting the suitable physical therapies. References Carse, B., Bowers, R., Meadows, B. C., Rowe, P. (2014). The immediate effects of fitting and tuning solid anklefoot orthoses in early stroke rehabilitation.Prosthetics and orthotics international, 0309364614538090. De Knegt, N. C., Evenhuis, H. M., Lobbezoo, F., Schuengel, C., Scherder, E. J. A. (2013). Does format matter for comprehension of a facial affective scale and a numeric scale for pain by adults with Down syndrome?.Research in developmental disabilities,34(10), 3442-3448. Esposito, P. E., MacDonald, M., Hornyak, J. E., Ulrich, D. A. (2012). Physical activity patterns of youth with Down syndrome.Intellectual and developmental disabilities,50(2), 109-119. Lobo, M. A., Harbourne, R. T., Dusing, S. C., McCoy, S. W. (2013). 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